Wood will expand and contract across the grain, and a wide panel made of solid wood could change width by a half of an inch, warping the door frame. Panels are made slightly smaller than the available space within the frame to provide room for movement. The panel is either captured in a groove made in the inside edge of the frame members or housed in an edge rabbet made in the rear inside edge. Panels Panel styles in frame and panel construction To house the extra panels, dividing pieces known as mid rails and mid stiles or muntins are added to the frame. In larger panels it is common to divide the panel into one or more sections. This is a common method of constructing cabinet doors and these are often referred to as a five piece door. A basic frame and panel item consists of a top rail, a bottom rail, two stiles, and a panel. The vertical members of the frame are called stiles while the horizontal members are known as rails. Usually, the panel is not glued to the frame but is left to 'float' within it so that seasonal movement of the wood comprising the panel does not distort the frame.įrame and panel construction at its most basic consists of five members: the panel and the four members which make up the frame. The basic idea is to capture a 'floating' panel within a sturdy frame, as opposed to techniques used in making a slab solid wood cabinet door or drawer front, the door is constructed of several solid wood pieces running in a vertical or horizontal direction with exposed endgrains. Wood construction in which a panel is enclosed in a rigid frame Parts of a five-piece frame and panel doorįrame and panel construction, also called rail and stile, is a woodworking technique often used in the making of doors, wainscoting, and other decorative features for cabinets, furniture, and homes.
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